Perbedaan Pengetahuan Ibu Hamil Tentang Pencegahan Diabetes Mellitus Gestasional Sebelum dan Setelah Konseling Gizi Pada Kelas Ibu Hamil Di Wilayah Kerja UPTD Puskesmas Cilimus Kabupaten Kuningan Tahun 2026
The Difference in Pregnant Women's Knowledge About the Prevention of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Before and After Nutritional Counseling in Pregnant Women's Classes in the Working Area of Cilimus Community Health Center Kuningan Regency 2026
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58550/jka.v12i2.451Keywords:
gestational diabetes mellitus, nutrition counseling, Pregnant Women's Classes, knowledgeAbstract
Diabetes Mellitus Gestasional (DMG) merupakan gangguan toleransi glukosa yang pertama kali dikenali selama kehamilan dan berpotensi menimbulkan komplikasi bagi ibu maupun janin. Di wilayah kerja UPTD Puskesmas Cilimus, ditemukan peningkatan ibu hamil dengan risiko atau indikasi terkait diabetes pada periode 2023–2025, sementara pemahaman mengenai pencegahan DMG masih perlu diperkuat. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis perbedaan pengetahuan ibu hamil tentang pencegahan DMG sebelum dan sesudah konseling gizi pada Kelas Ibu Hamil. Penelitian menggunakan desain pre-experimental one-group pretest-posttest dengan 111 responden yang dipilih secara purposive. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner 15 pernyataan sebelum dan sesudah intervensi. Karena data tidak berdistribusi normal, perubahan skor dianalisis menggunakan Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test. Rata-rata skor pengetahuan meningkat dari 9,78 sebelum konseling menjadi 13,35 sesudah konseling, dengan peningkatan sebesar 3,57 poin. Uji Wilcoxon menunjukkan Z = -8,749 dan p = 0,000 (p < 0,05), sehingga terdapat perbedaan pengetahuan yang bermakna setelah pemberian konseling gizi. Konseling gizi yang dilaksanakan secara interaktif dalam Kelas Ibu Hamil efektif meningkatkan pengetahuan mengenai pencegahan DMG.
Abstract
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is a glucose tolerance disorder first recognized during pregnancy and may lead to complications affecting both mothers and fetuses. In the working area of UPTD Puskesmas Cilimus, the number of pregnant women with diabetes-related risks or indications increased during 2023–2025, while understanding of GDM prevention still requires strengthening. This study aimed to determine the difference in pregnant women's knowledge of GDM prevention before and after nutrition counseling delivered through Pregnant Women's Classes. A pre-experimental one-group pretest-posttest design was applied to 111 pregnant women selected by purposive sampling. Data were collected using a 15-item knowledge questionnaire administered before and after the intervention. Because the data were not normally distributed, changes in knowledge scores were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test. The mean knowledge score increased from 9.78 before counseling to 13.35 after counseling, representing a 3.57-point increase. The Wilcoxon test yielded Z = -8.749 with p = 0.000 (p < 0.05), indicating a statistically significant difference in knowledge following the intervention. Interactive nutrition counseling delivered through Pregnant Women's Classes was effective in improving pregnant women's knowledge of GDM prevention.
Keywords: ; ; ; pregnant women; .
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