Pengaruh Senam Hamil Terhadap Keluhan Nyeri Punggung Pada Ibu Hamil Usia Kehamilan 28-32 Minggu Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Cilimus Kabupaten Kuningan Tahun 2026
The Effect of Pregnancy Exercise on Back Pain Complaints Among Pregnant Women at 28–32 Weeks of Gestation in the Working Area of Cilimus Community Health Center Kuningan Regency 2026
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58550/jka.v12i2.450Keywords:
pregnancy exercise, back pain, pregnancy, third trimesterAbstract
Latar belakang: Nyeri punggung merupakan keluhan yang sering muncul pada kehamilan, terutama trimester III, seiring bertambahnya ukuran uterus, perubahan pusat gravitasi, peningkatan berat badan, dan perubahan hormonal. Kondisi tersebut dapat mengganggu kenyamanan dan aktivitas ibu. Senam hamil merupakan salah satu pendekatan nonfarmakologis yang digunakan untuk membantu mengurangi keluhan tersebut. Tujuan: mengetahui pengaruh senam hamil terhadap keluhan nyeri punggung pada ibu hamil usia kehamilan 28–32 minggu di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Cilimus Kabupaten Kuningan. Metode: penelitian quasi-eksperimental dengan rancangan one-group pretest-posttest. Sebanyak 32 ibu hamil dipilih secara purposive sesuai kriteria penelitian. Intensitas nyeri dinilai menggunakan Visual Analog Scale (VAS) sebelum dan setelah intervensi. Senam hamil diberikan dua kali setiap minggu selama tiga minggu. Analisis menggunakan Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. Hasil: median skor nyeri sebelum intervensi adalah 6,5 (rentang 4–9), sedangkan setelah intervensi menjadi 4,5 (rentang 2–7). Sebanyak 28 responden (87,5%) mengalami penurunan skor nyeri dan empat responden (12,5%) tetap. Uji Wilcoxon menghasilkan Z = −4,796 dengan p < 0,001. Kesimpulan: senam hamil berpengaruh signifikan terhadap penurunan keluhan nyeri punggung pada ibu hamil 28–32 minggu.
Abstract
Background: Back pain is a common discomfort during pregnancy, particularly in the third trimester, associated with uterine enlargement, altered body balance, weight gain, and hormonal changes. Pregnancy exercise may provide a non-pharmacological option to reduce this discomfort. Objective: to determine the effect of pregnancy exercise on back pain complaints among pregnant women at 28–32 weeks of gestation in the working area of Cilimus Public Health Center, Kuningan Regency. Methods: a quasi-experimental study using a one-group pretest-posttest design was conducted among 32 pregnant women selected purposively according to the study criteria. Pain intensity was measured with a Visual Analog Scale (VAS) before and after the intervention. Pregnancy exercise was delivered twice weekly for three weeks. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. Results: the median pain score decreased from 6.5 before the intervention (range 4–9) to 4.5 after the intervention (range 2–7). A decrease in pain score occurred in 28 participants (87.5%), while four participants (12.5%) showed no change. The Wilcoxon test yielded Z = −4.796 with p < 0.001. Conclusion: pregnancy exercise significantly reduced back pain complaints among pregnant women at 28–32 weeks of gestation
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