Pengaruh Emotional Freedom Technique (EFT) sebagai Intervensi Psikologis terhadap Burnout Mahasiswa Keperawatan di Jawa Barat dan Banten
The Effect of Emotional Freedom Technique (EFT) as a Psychological Intervention on Burnout in Nursing Students in West Java and Banten
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58550/jka.v12i1.370Keywords:
Emotional Freedom Technique, Burnout, mahasiswa keperawatan, MBI-SS, Kesehatan MentalAbstract
Latar Belakang: Mahasiswa keperawatan merupakan kelompok yang rentan mengalami burnout akibat beban akademik, tuntutan praktik klinik, serta stres psikologis berkepanjangan. Emotional Freedom Technique (EFT) dikenal sebagai intervensi psikologis yang efektif dalam menurunkan tekanan emosional, namun bukti ilmiah mengenai pengaruhnya terhadap burnout pada mahasiswa keperawatan di Indonesia masih terbatas. Tujuan: Mengetahui pengaruh Emotional Freedom Technique (EFT) terhadap tingkat burnout pada mahasiswa keperawatan di Jawa Barat dan Banten. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain mixed method dengan quasi-experimental pretest–posttest control group. Sebanyak 60 mahasiswa keperawatan dipilih melalui purposive sampling dan dibagi menjadi kelompok intervensi (n=30) dan kelompok kontrol (n=30). Kelompok intervensi diberikan EFT sebanyak empat sesi, sedangkan kelompok kontrol tidak diberikan intervensi. Tingkat burnout diukur menggunakan Maslach Burnout Inventory–Student Survey (MBI-SS). Data kuantitatif dianalisis menggunakan paired t-test dan independent t-test, sedangkan data kualitatif dianalisis dengan thematic analysis. Hasil: Terdapat penurunan burnout yang signifikan pada kelompok intervensi dibandingkan kelompok kontrol (p < 0,001). Kelompok intervensi mengalami penurunan skor burnout sebesar 15,44 poin, sedangkan kelompok kontrol tidak menunjukkan penurunan bermakna. Temuan kualitatif mendukung hasil ini, di mana mahasiswa melaporkan peningkatan ketenangan emosional, regulasi emosi, motivasi belajar, dan kemampuan coping.
Kesimpulan: Emotional Freedom Technique (EFT) terbukti efektif dalam menurunkan burnout pada mahasiswa keperawatan dan direkomendasikan sebagai intervensi promotif–preventif kesehatan mental di institusi pendidikan keperawatan. Disarankan penelitian selanjutnya menggunakan jumlah sampel lebih besar dan durasi intervensi lebih panjang.
Background: Nursing students are highly vulnerable to burnout due to academic workload, clinical practice demands, and prolonged psychological stress. Emotional Freedom Technique (EFT) is recognized as an effective psychophysiological intervention to reduce emotional distress; however, empirical evidence regarding its effect on burnout among Indonesian nursing students remains limited. Objective: To analyze the effect of Emotional Freedom Technique (EFT) on burnout levels among nursing students in West Java and Banten. Methods: This study employed a mixed-method experimental design with a quasi-experimental pretest–posttest control group. A total of 60 nursing students were selected using purposive sampling and divided into an intervention group (n=30) and control group (n=30). The intervention group received four EFT sessions, while the control group received no intervention. Burnout was measured using the Maslach Burnout Inventory–Student Survey (MBI-SS). Quantitative data were analyzed using paired t-test and independent t-test, while qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Results: The study demonstrated a significant reduction in burnout levels in the intervention group compared with the control group (p < 0.001). The intervention group showed a mean decrease of 15.44 points, while the control group showed no significant reduction. Qualitative findings revealed improvements in emotional regulation, psychological calmness, academic motivation, and coping strategies among participants receiving EFT. Conclusion: Emotional Freedom Technique (EFT) is proven effective in reducing burnout among nursing students and can be recommended as a promotive–preventive mental health intervention in nursing education institutions. Further research is suggested with a larger sample size and longer intervention duration.
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