Pengetahuan Ibu Hamil Tentang Kekurangan Energi Kronis Di Kelurahan Cipedes Sukajadi Kota Bandung

Pregnant Women's Knowledge of Chronic Energy Deficiency in Cipedes Sukajadi Village, Bandung City

Abstract

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh banyaknya Angka Kematian Ibu (AKI) 228/100.00 kelahiran hidup dan Angka Kematian Bayi (AKB) 34/1.000 kelahiran di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengetahuan ibu hamil tentang kekurangan energi kronis di Kelurahan Cipedes Sukajadi Kota Bandung. Pengetahuan adalah hasil dari tahu seseorang terhadap suatu objek tertentu melalui indera yang dimilikinya dan ibu hamil adalah wanita yang telah melahirkan seseorang. KEK adalah keadaan dimana seseorang mengalami kekurangan gizi (kalori dan protein) yang berlangsung lama atau menahun. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan populasi sebanyak 491 ibu hamil menggunakan teknik Probability Random Sampling didapat sebanyak 83 ibu hamil. Instrumen penelitian ini yaitu kuesioner sebanyak 18 pertanyaan telah diuji validitas dan reliabilitas di Kelurahan Cipedes pada 30 responden didapatkan hasil nilai r = 0,242 - 0,561 dan Cronbach’s Alpha sebesar 0,726.Hasil penelitian secara umum tentang pengetahuan KEK kategori kurang 50%, pengertian KEK kategori cukup 44,6%, etiologi KEK kategori kurang 47%, tanda dan gejala KEK kategori cukup 43,4%, dampak KEK kategori cukup 47%, cara mengatasi KEK kategori kurang 48,2%, cara pencegahan KEK kategori kurang 50,6%. Kesimpulan bahwa pengetahuan tentang KEK kategori kurang 50%, maka disarankan untuk Puskesmas Sukajadi untuk memberikan penyuluhan kesehatan yang berkesinambungan terkait upaya untuk mengatasi kekurangan energi kronis pada ibu hamil.

This research was motivated by the high Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) of 228/100,00 live births and the Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) of 34/1,000 live births in Indonesia. This study aims to determine the description of pregnant women's knowledge about chronic energy deficiency in Cipedes Sukajadi Village, Bandung City. Knowledge is the result of someone knowing about a certain object through their senses and a pregnant woman is a woman who has given birth to someone. CED is a condition where a person experiences malnutrition (calories and protein) that lasts a long time or is chronic. This research used a descriptive method with a population of 491 pregnant women using Probability Random Sampling techniques to obtain 83 pregnant women. The instrument of this research, namely a questionnaire with 18 questions, has been tested for validity and reliability in Cipedes Village on 30 respondents. The results obtained were r = 0.242 - 0.561 and Cronbach's Alpha was 0.726. The general research results regarding knowledge of KEK in the less than 50% category, understanding of KEK in the sufficient category were 44 .6%, etiology of CED in the less category 47%, signs and symptoms of CED in the moderate category 43.4%, impact of CED in the moderate category 47%, how to deal with CED in the less category 48.2%, ways to prevent CED in the less category 50.6%. The conclusion is that knowledge about the KEK category is less than 50%, so it is recommended for community health centers to provide health education in order to overcome chronic energy deficiency in pregnant women.