Literature Review : Aplikasi Skrining Kesehatan Mental dengan Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20)

Literature Review: Mental Health Screening Application with Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20)

Abstract

Latar Belakang : SRQ-20 adalah kuesioner 20 item yes/no yang dikembangkan WHO untuk skrining gangguan mental umum (depresi, kecemasan, gejala somatik) di layanan primer dan survei komunitas. Metode Penelitian : Tinjauan ini merangkum bukti-bukti open-access tentang validitas psikometrik, adaptasi bahasa/kultural, titik potong (cut-off), dan aplikasi SRQ-20 di berbagai populasi (umum, perinatal, setting emergensi, komunitas). Hasil Penelitian : Hasil menunjukkan SRQ-20 umumnya memiliki konsistensi internal yang baik (Cronbach’s α > 0.80 di banyak studi), namun titik potong dan struktur faktor bervariasi antar konteks sehingga validasi lokal disarankan sebelum penggunaan rutin. Simpulan : penggunaan SRQ-20 yang menunjukan hasil skrining positif harus selalu ditindaklanjuti dengan asesmen klinis dan jalur rujukan yang jelas.

Background The Self-Reporting Questionnaire-20 (SRQ-20) is a 20-item yes/no screening tool developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) for detecting common mental disorders—including depression, anxiety, and somatic symptoms—in primary care settings and community surveys. Methods This review synthesizes open-access evidence regarding the psychometric validity, linguistic and cultural adaptations, cut-off thresholds, and the application of SRQ-20 across diverse populations (general, perinatal, emergency, and community-based settings). Results Findings indicate that the SRQ-20 generally demonstrates good internal consistency (Cronbach’s α > 0.80 in many studies). However, cut-off points and factor structures vary across contexts, underscoring the need for local validation prior to routine implementation. Conclusion A positive screening result on the SRQ-20 should always be followed by a comprehensive clinical assessment and a clear referral pathway to ensure appropriate management.